glp-1 agonist dpp 4 inhibitor receptor agonists or DPP-4 inhibitors: How to guide the clinician? Cardiovascular effects of the DPP-4

P., Zhou, C., Macpherson, L., Allen, S

Summary of SURPASS Trials and Results based on Tirzepatide Package Insert

A review of the FDA adverse event database revealed an increased incidence of thyroid cancer with exenatide whn compared with a control drug ( J Clin Endocrinol Metabolism

Dumolt JH, Rosario FJ, Kramer AC, Horwitz S, Powell TL, Jansson T

Schneeweiss, S

1).29,32 With respect to the vascular system, rGLP-1 activation induces modest decreases in blood pressure,33,34 it has a vasodilator effect, improves arterial stiffness, and prevents atherosclerotic plaque formation-and has plaque stabilizing effects-through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as demonstrated in animal models.29,32,3538 Despite controversies about rGLP-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, studies have shown that arGLP-1 has antiproliferative effects on these cells,39 reduces oxidative stress, improves endothelial function, and increases nitric oxide production in experimental models.3540 In the heart they produce a discrete increase in heart rate (24 beats/min), although this does not seem to be associated with an increase in arrhythmias or cardiovascular events